| Cosmological Model of the Living Universe |
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12.- FINE STRUCTURE CONSTANT. UNIFIED FIELD Inside the diverse physical theories, a series of constants are used, G for the gravitational field, c light speed, h Planck's constant, etc. In general these constants have physical dimensions (m / sg for c) on having related physical different magnitudes, in case of the light the time and the space. Others nevertheless do not have dimensions on having related magnitudes of the same species, this it is the case of the fine structure constant that in forward will call a. This constant relates the energy of the electromagnetic field among the proton and the electron to the distance of a electron Compton wavelength and the electron rest energy.
It is possible to observe that this constant does not depend on the electron mass. It is interpreted as a measurement of the electrical field intensity, is enunciated sometimes as constant of coupling of the electrical field. This constant is extraordinarily important in the development of our universe. If it value was only slightly differently, our universe would be completely differently. I will calculate now the necessary mass to generate a gravitational field with the same energy that an electrical field generated by a charge e: G m2 / r = e2 / r, We obtain m = e / G1/2 In previous epigraphs I have introduced the concept event horizon of a particle m as Hs = 2G m / c2. I am going to calculate now the relation between this event horizon of m and its Compton wavelength lc = hbar / m c, substituting m with the value found before:
There is obtained the same value of the fine structure constant. It might generalize this result.
For it I am going to consider m to be an energetic in general, that is to say
E = hbar w = m c2, so that m = hbar w / c2.
I will replace now m with his value in the previous expression:
This result can have an interesting interpretation. If we considered that G hbar/c5
is the expression of the Planck time tp2 and w
it is an angular speed, goatish to interpret a as a solid angle.
The value of a for the particle 1/2 mp is 1. From this
point of view the interaction might be identified between universes with the unified field.
According to the last superstrings theories, all the characteristics of the elementary particles
can be described from the perspective of a universe of 11 dimensions. The fields, including the
gravitational one, they arise from the spontaneous break of certain symmetries that would be
present in the primitive universe.
The fundamental innovation of these theories is that do not assign a punctual characteristic to
the particles, but they treat them as entities with multiple dimensionalidad: strings, membranes, etc.
These new particles would be vibrating with different manners in different dimensions.
These vibrations would correspond to the angular speeds found in the previous paragraphs.
When in these theories one speaks about strings or membranes, one is not speaking about "anything"
with form of string or membrane, but the properties of the particles can be described using the
model of string or a membrane vibrating. The model that I propose only speech of 9 dimensions,
nevertheless, if we consider that the modules of the three-dimensional time vector and of the
three-dimensional vector generated by the wound (microscopic) dimensions they can look like
dimensions from the current subspace of dimensions (our current time is an example), we obtain
all 11 dimensions of the superstrings theories.
© Jorge Ales, 2002. http://www.livinguniverseweb.com
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